WE ARE ONLY SPACE

BOOK 4.1 Introduction  .............................................................................. 31 4.2 Relationship between mass and electric charge of the electron  ... 31 4.3 Separation of forces   ................................................................... 36 4.4 Conclusion  ................................................................................ 38 In this section we will see that the properties of the electron are related to each other, since all of them depend on the rotations of the four-dimensional Planck atom. The unit energy condition allows us to calculate mass and charge in terms of the gravitational constants G , the Planck constant h, and c the velocity of light, as Heisenberg believed. On the other hand, the relationship between mass and charge of the electron derives from the equality in the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. This relationship allows us to obtain the coefficients of the gravitational and electromagne...

BOOK 3.1 Introduction  ............................................................................. 17 3.2 Black holes  .............................................................................. 18 3.3 Quantum universe  ................................................................... 21 3.4 Variation of the gravitational and magnetic forces  ..................... 23 3.5 General expression of the long-range force . 27  ................................ 27 3.6 Conclusion  ............................................................................... 29 The current theories are based on the assumption that the Big Bang had a unique strength, which, along with the expansion of the universe, gave rise to four forces, two of which are of infinite range. In the model developed here, there is only a single force, which is the magnetic force. Gravity and the electromagnetic force are connected at all times in the electron, both being diffe...

BOOK 2.1 Introduction . 13  .............................................................................. 13 2.2 Definition of time  ....................................................................... 14 2.3 Real and imaginary time  ............................................................ 15 2.4 Conclusion  ................................................................................ 16 The current theories, based on a space-time continuum, sometimes give rise to the appearance of infinites masked with renormalization, and the denomination of singularity, as in the case of black holes. Instead, in the discrete 4D model, the infinities disappear because at no time can the space-time be zero. 2.1 Introduction General relativity implies that space-time is a continuum. However, there is no experimental evidence for this. Are space and time a continuum or are they composed of indivisible discrete units? We're probably convinced of continuity as...

BOOK 1.1 Quantum mechanics ...............................................................  9 1.2 Constants calculated .............................................................. 10 1.3 Special and  general relativity.................................................. 11 1.4 4D model of the universe ........................................................ 11 The hypothesis that the universe and the elementary particles are formed by atoms of four dimensions, allows us to explain quantum and relativistic phenomena. It is also possible to deduce and calculate the properties of elementary particles, such as mass, electric charge, spin, radius , etc. From the before mentioned hypothesis, the fundamental constants can be calculated, and depend only on the speed of light, c . The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle must be verified at all times, at both microscopic and macroscopic levels. Most commonly used equations derive from equality in the Heisenberg Uncerta...

BOOK In this book, an odd physical model is presented, where space is formed by four-dimensional atoms, called by the author Planck atoms. Vacuum is formed by resting atoms, while particles are rotating atoms. Different types of particles correspond to different rotation axes. Additionally, the concept of absolute rest is recovered! On the other hand, it is assumed that the universe is expanding since the Big Bang at light velocity... in four dimensions! According to the author, this results in a reduction of the total gravitational energy, which must be compensated by the generation of the corresponding Planck atoms, a phenomenon here described as quantum fluctuation. As well, in this process the mass of each atom diminishes by discrete amounts until reaching to a minimum value, while its charge increases up to a maximun value in such a way that the atom energy remains constant at any time. The whole theory is based on Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, here used as an equali...